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Devra, Shivinder
- Photonic Crystal Fiber: Developments and Applications
Authors
1 Department of Electronics Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, IN
Source
Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol 17, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 439-445Abstract
Optical fiber is a thin hair-like fiber made of silica or plastic that is used to transmit data. It consists of a transparent core surrounded by a transparent cladding. There are many kinds of fiber like Step Index MMF, Graded Index MMF, Silica doped fiber, plastic fibers, Photonic Crystal fiber, Fluoride fibers etc. Among the various types of fibers used in communication system, Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCF) are widely used due its unique structure and tendency to work in two different modes i.e. Index Guided Mode and Band Gap Mode. PCFs are widely used in spectroscopy, meteorology, bio-medicine, imaging, telecommunication, industrial machinery etc. This paper is an overview of PCF modes and its various properties.Keywords
Photonic Crystal Fiber, Photonic Band-Gap Fiber, Index Guided Fiber.Full Text
- GSM Architecture and Channels:Review Study
Authors
1 Department of Electronics Technology, GNDU, Amritsar, IN
Source
Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol 20 (2016), Pagination: 5-10Abstract
GSM, the Global System for Mobile communications, is a digital cellular communications system that has rapidly gained acceptance and market share worldwide. In addition to digital transmission, GSM comprises many advanced services and features, including ISDN compatibility and worldwide roaming in other GSM networks. GSM architecture is a combination of three subsystems: Base Station Subsystem(BSS), Network Switching Subsystem (NSS)& Operation Support Subsystem (OSS). BSS consists of Base Transceiver System (BTS) and Base System Controller (BSC) which connects with Mobile Station (MS). NSS consists of MSC which connects with BSC. OSS maintains BSS and NSS. GSM channels are responsible for connecting two MS's. It consists of two channels: Traffic Channels (TCH) which make data flow between two MS's possible and Control Channels (CCH) which supervises the signalling and synchronization between the base station and mobile station. This paper will give an overview of GSM system architecture & its channels.Keywords
GSM Architecture, Base Station Subsystem(BSS), Network Switch Subsystem(NSS), Operational Subsystem(OSS), GSM Channels, Traffic Channels (TCH), Control Channels (CCH).Full Text
- OCDMA & its applications in Fiber Optics Communication Networks
Authors
1 Department of Electronics Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar – 143005, Punjab, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 10, No 31 (2017), Pagination:Abstract
As multiple accessing technique that can be used to provide access to multiple users to transmit data to same channel simultaneously without any scheduling or delay in transmission, Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) has been an alluring for the past few decades. All users share all bandwidth simultaneously and access the network asynchronously. To provide access to multiple users simultaneously, many coding techniques to increase possible users and improve performance has been analyzed for OCDMA systems. In this paper, many different proposed methods of coding are reviewed. Performance, cardinality and capacity of these codes are discussed. Significance of introducing dimensions in optical code is also be discussed.
Keywords
Multiple Access Interference (MAI); Optical Fiber Communication; Optical Code Division Multiplexing (OCDMA)Full Text